Diuretics and Thyroid disorders

Diuretics and Thyroid disorders

Quiz covers pharmacology of diuretics and thyroid disorders, including hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism.

published on April 10, 2013
1/16

What is the mechanism of action of carbimazole?

It prevents the conversion of inactive T3 to active T4 (thyroxine).
It is an antithyroid drug that inhibits thyroperoxidase to prevent
formation of iodothyronines via iodotyrosyl residue coupling.
Inhibits release of thyroid hormone from the gland.
It prevents deiodination of thyroxine into T3.
2/16

Which of the following is NOT a consideration when prescribing diuretics to the elderly?

Diuretics may increase urinary incontinence
Kidney function decreases with age
The drug may be take longer to act necessitating a higher dose of the
drug
Management of fluid intake
3/16

Which diuretic is known to limit K+ excretion and in which condition is it contraindicated?

Spironolactone, taking of an ACE-I
Mannitol, glaucoma
Furosemide, diarrhoea
Acetazolamide, lactic acidosis
4/16

Which of the following are adverse effects of using a loop diuretic?

Gout, headache, dizziness, rash, hypotension
Hypokalemia, metabolic acidosis, diarrhoea
Renal impairment, headache, gynaecomastia
GI upset, hypotension, hypocalcaemia, hyperkalemia
5/16

A patient with peripheral oedema, high plasma K+ concentrations who has had a history of CHF also has osteoporosis. Which of the following diuretics is best indicated for her condition?

Spironolactone
Indapamide
Mannitol
Ethacrynic acid
6/16

Which drug is NOT matched with its region of action?

Thiazide, distal convulated tubule
Loop diuretic, thick ascending loop of Henle
K+ sparing diuretics, thin ascending loop of Henle
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, proximal convulated tubule
7/16

What are the possible side effects of using carbimazole or propylthiouracil? Click on all the correct ones.

Hint: 2 choices
Weight loss
Swelling of the eyes
Agranulocytosis
Anorexia
8/16

Which symptom is generally not conclusive in diagnosis of hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism?

Weight loss
Tachycardia
Swelling of eyes
Goiter
9/16

Metabolic acidosis from carbonic anhydrase inhibitors is a mainly a result of:

High levels of associating CO2 and H2O to form carbonic acid (H2CO3)
Low levels of CO2 in plasma
High levels of bicarbonate filtered out.
High volume of water lost concentrates protons.
10/16

Indicate whether these statements are true or false:
1) Thiazides are indicated in treatment of renal calculi.
2) Hyperuricaemia is an adverse effect of thiazide use.

1) True; 2) True
1) True; 2) False
1) False; 2) True
1) False; 2) False
11/16

Which pair of drug classes is contraindicated in pregnancy?

Spironolactone and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
Loop diuretics and sulfonamides
Osmotic diuretics and thiazides
Spironolactone and loop diuretics
12/16

What is NOT a primary function of the thyroid hormone?

Metabolism of cholesterol
Brain development
Slowing of heart
Enhances consumption of O2
13/16

Which mechanism of action best describes loop diuretics?

Loop diuretics bind to the Cl- site of the Na+/Cl- transporter and
blocks its action.
Loop diuretics alter the osmotic equilibrium of the solute, causing fluid
to collect in the lumen.
Loop diuretics increases the efflux of HCO3- into the lumen
Loop diuretics bind to Cl- site of Na+/K+/ATPase to enhance salt
excretion.
14/16

Which of the following indicates the correct order of thyroid hormone secretion?

Hypothalamus (TRH) --> Anterior Pituitary (TSH) --> Thyroid (T4/T3)
Anterior Pituitary (TRH) --> Hypothalamus (TSH) --> Thyroid (T4/T3)
Thyroid (TRH) --> Hypothalamus (TSH) --> Anterior Pituitary (T3/T4)
Hypothalamus (TRH) --> Thyroid (TSH) --> Anterior Pituitary (T4/T3)
15/16

What is one limitation of using thyroid hormone replacement therapy?

Thyroxine has a short half life and so needs to be taken several times
a day
It cannot be taken orally and must be injected subcutaneously.
T4 does not readily interconvert to T3 in the body.
Thyroid replacement suppresses TSH and reduces thyroid function.
16/16

Name another example of a K+ sparing diuretic other than spironolactone