Diabetes Mellitus, haemostasis and thrombosis Quiz of pharmacology topics: off PHAR3251 course content. Will be helpful preparation for exams Matt2425 published on April 06, 2013 Stacked 1/15 What is the mechanism of action of ticagrelor? Reversibly binds to P2Y12 receptors on the platelet Reversibly binds to an allosteric site on P2Y12 to reduce action of ADP binding to the receptor Irreversibly binds to P2Y12 receptors on the platelet Inhibits COX-2, preventing synthesis of prostaglandins and TxA2 2/15 What is the mechanism of action of metformin? Inhibits PDE and increases intracellular cAMP levels Inhibits alpha glucosidase, reducing the absorption of carbohydrates Blocks the K+ sensitive ATPase, releasing insulin from pancreatic islet beta cells Activates AMP kinase, lowering gluconeogenesis and increasing insulin action on fat and muscle 3/15 Which class of drugs operates by binding to PPARy in fat, liver and muscle to increase insulin sensitivity and hence increase glucose uptake? Type answer. Hint: 10 characters 4/15 What might lead to a high international normalised ratio? High leafy vegetable consumption Use of St. John's wort Immunosuppressants NSAIDs 5/15 Which drug is known to have side effects of headache, dizziness and hypotension? Dipyridamole Abciximab Ticagrelor Warfarin 6/15 How do incretins work? They stimulate production of insulin from pancreatic beta islet cells by blocking K+ sensitive ATPase They increase action of insulin on fat and muscle They inhibit dipeptide peptidase IV, increasing the action of GLP-1 They increase meal induced insulin secretion 7/15 Which drug does not have weight gain as a side effect? Metformin Sulphonylureas Glibenclamide Pioglitazone 8/15 What are some contraindications of sulfonylureas? Lactic acidosis Headache Breastfeeding Hepatic disease 9/15 Which of the following is a direct thrombin inhibitor? Heparin Hirudin Batroxibin Apixaban 10/15 Which set of drugs does NOT contain thrombocytopenia or neutropenia as a possible side effect? warfarin, aspirin, clopidrogrel aspirin, tPa, batroxiban heparin, abciximab, dabigatran etexilate abciximab, dipyridamole, warfarin 11/15 A low MW heparin has: Equal actions on thrombin and Factor Xa Greater effect on inhibition of thrombin compared to Factor Xa Greater effect on inhibition of Factor Xa compared to thrombin Does not inhibit Factor Xa 12/15 Which class of drugs operate by inhibition of clotting factors? Antithrombins Antiplatelet drugs Fibrinolytic drugs Anticoagulants 13/15 What is the mechanism of action of warfarin? Inhibits Vitamin K epoxide reductase Inhibits quinone reductase Inhibits production of factor II, VII, IX and X All the above 14/15 A type II diabetic complains of flatulence and GIT discomfort but does not report any weight gain, nausea or vomiting. Which drug is the the patient most likely using? Acarbose Sitagliptin Metformin Exenatide 15/15 What is not a long term complication of diabetes mellitus? Retinopathy Weight gain Neuropathy Nephropathy
