Diabetes Mellitus, haemostasis and thrombosis

Diabetes Mellitus, haemostasis and thrombosis

Quiz of pharmacology topics: off PHAR3251 course content. Will be helpful preparation for exams

published on April 06, 2013
1/15

What is not a long term complication of diabetes mellitus?

Retinopathy
Weight gain
Neuropathy
Nephropathy
2/15

What might lead to a high international normalised ratio?

High leafy vegetable consumption
Use of St. John's wort
Immunosuppressants
NSAIDs
3/15

What is the mechanism of action of warfarin?

Inhibits Vitamin K epoxide reductase
Inhibits quinone reductase
Inhibits production of factor II, VII, IX and X
All the above
4/15

Which set of drugs does NOT contain thrombocytopenia or neutropenia as a possible side effect?

warfarin, aspirin, clopidrogrel
aspirin, tPa, batroxiban
heparin, abciximab, dabigatran etexilate
abciximab, dipyridamole, warfarin
5/15

What is the mechanism of action of ticagrelor?

Reversibly binds to P2Y12 receptors on the platelet
Reversibly binds to an allosteric site on P2Y12 to reduce action of ADP binding to the receptor
Irreversibly binds to P2Y12 receptors on the platelet
Inhibits COX-2, preventing synthesis of prostaglandins and TxA2
6/15

Which class of drugs operate by inhibition of clotting factors?

Antithrombins
Antiplatelet drugs
Fibrinolytic drugs
Anticoagulants
7/15

Which class of drugs operates by binding to PPARy in fat, liver and muscle to increase insulin sensitivity and hence increase glucose uptake?

8/15

Which drug does not have weight gain as a side effect?

Metformin
Sulphonylureas
Glibenclamide
Pioglitazone
9/15

How do incretins work?

They stimulate production of insulin from pancreatic beta islet cells by blocking K+ sensitive ATPase
They increase action of insulin on fat and muscle
They inhibit dipeptide peptidase IV, increasing the action of GLP-1
They increase meal induced insulin secretion
10/15

What are some contraindications of sulfonylureas?

Lactic acidosis
Headache
Breastfeeding
Hepatic disease
11/15

A type II diabetic complains of flatulence and GIT discomfort but does not report any weight gain, nausea or vomiting. Which drug is the the patient most likely using?

Acarbose
Sitagliptin
Metformin
Exenatide
12/15

A low MW heparin has:

Equal actions on thrombin and Factor Xa
Greater effect on inhibition of thrombin compared to Factor Xa
Greater effect on inhibition of Factor Xa compared to thrombin
Does not inhibit Factor Xa
13/15

What is the mechanism of action of metformin?

Inhibits PDE and increases intracellular cAMP levels
Inhibits alpha glucosidase, reducing the absorption of carbohydrates
Blocks the K+ sensitive ATPase, releasing insulin from pancreatic islet
beta cells
Activates AMP kinase, lowering gluconeogenesis and increasing insulin action on fat and muscle
14/15

Which drug is known to have side effects of headache, dizziness and hypotension?

Dipyridamole
Abciximab
Ticagrelor
Warfarin
15/15

Which of the following is a direct thrombin inhibitor?

Heparin
Hirudin
Batroxibin
Apixaban